from the first submarine cable of 1850 to the worldwide fiber optic network
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History of the Atlantic Cable & Undersea Communications from the first submarine cable of 1850 to the worldwide fiber optic network |
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Research Material Needed The Atlantic Cable website is non-commercial, You can help - if you have cable material, Cable samples, instruments, documents, If you have any cable-related items |
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| The 1857-58 Atlantic Cable - 150th Anniversary Celebration | |||
| History of the Atlantic Cable enterprise, 1850-1858 by Bill Glover |
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| The 1858 cable history as it happened - reported by Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper | |||
| The 1857-58 and 1865-66 Atlantic Cables | |||
| Master Index to articles on the first Atlantic Cables | |||
| Cyrus Field - A Contemporary Record | |||
| Cyrus Field Photographs, Portraits and Medals - the man behind the Atlantic Cable | |||
| Cyrus Field's Descendants - Diane Gravlee's comprehensive list of Cyrus Field's family and descendants, down to the sixth generation | |||
| The Brothers Field - Russell Carpenter's history of the five brothers of the Field family who held among them a total of 10 academic and honorary degrees from Williams College. | |||
| Cyrus Field Family Portraits - images of paintings of Cyrus Field and his parents, wife, and sons, owned by Peter Christian Hall and Alix-Marie Hall, New York City-based siblings whose great-grandfather was Frederick Joseph Stone, Cyrus Field's nephew | |||
| Cable Bibliography | |||
| Main Reference Bibliography - Books and other printed material | |||
| Current Bibliography - books available for purchase, book reviews, recent magazine articles | |||
| Additional Bibliography - Gill Cookson's Submarine Telegraphy Research Notes | |||
| Book Cover Images - from Cable and Telegraph Books | |||
| Cable Company Book Advertisements | |||
| Atlantic Cable Sheet Music - popular songs and music inspired by the cable expeditions | |||
| Click here to search for new and used books described in the bibliographies | |||
| Cable Pioneers | |||
| Images, brief biographies, and autographs of the men who pioneered and promoted the cable industry | |||
| Cable Timeline - 1845 to 2010 by Bill Glover (ongoing) | |||
| A chronological record of every major submarine communications cable. Corrections and updates are welcome. Includes sections on cable signalling speeds, cable design features, and cable recovery. |
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| Cable Stories - 1858 to 1989 | |||
| Personal stories and photographs of the cable industry, shared by site visitors. Contributions are welcome! | |||
| Cable Stamps and Covers | |||
| Submarine Cable Stamps and First Day Covers - includes Atlantic Cable 75th and 100th anniversary stamps and covers, Bill Glover's extensive collection of cableship stamps and covers with information on each ship and the cables laid, and Bill's history of Cable & Wireless, illustrated with original telegrams and covers. | |||
| Cable Artifacts, Ephemera, and Memorabilia | |||
| Cable Equipment and Cable Samples | |||
| Memorabilia, Ephemera, and Promotional Material - Cable Watch Fob, 1858 Atlantic Cable Album, Cable Candlestick, Niagara Anchor, Cable Cane, Cable Snuff Box, Cable Earrings | |||
| 1858 Cable Souvenir Advertisements - the short-lived frenzy in New York for all things cable after the successful expedition of 1858 | |||
| Research Requests - contributions welcome | |||
| Mystery Cable at Porthcurno Telegraph Museum by Allan Green. This landline cable may have been used as a telegraph connection, or in a radio application. | |||
| Special Feature Sections | |||
| The Cable History Trail - an illustrated guide for visitors to the sites of the earliest Atlantic Cables in County Kerry, Ireland | |||
| Cable Route Maps - from the first Atlantic Cable to present | |||
| Cable Manufacturing & Laying Companies and Cable Stations - illustrated articles on early cable companies and cable stations | |||
| Cableships - illustrated articles on cableships | |||
| Report on the IEEE Conference on the History of Telecommunications, St. John's, Newfoundland, 25-27 July, 2001 - includes photographs of the Heart's Content Cable Station Museum | |||
| "Online - 150 Years on the Net" - an overview of the special exhibition at the Danish Post & Tele Museum, Copenhagen (2 February to 19 September 2004) | |||
| 150 Years Of Industry & Enterprise At Enderby's Wharf - by Allan Green | |||
| The Atlantic Cable Medal of 1866 - article by Herman Blanton on the medals presented after the success of the 1866 cable | |||
| Distant Writing - The Telegraph Companies in Britain between 1838 and 1868 - article by Steven Roberts on British Telegraphy from 1838 to 1868, which includes considerable detail on the submarine cable companies working in this period. Steven now has his own site hosting this article. | |||
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| 1837-1860 | Early Landline Telegraph Cables - 1978 article by Francis Celoria on the beginnings of the telegraph cable industry in Britain | ||
| 1838-1868 | Distant Writing - The Telegraph Companies in Britain between 1838 and 1868 - article by Steven Roberts on British Telegraphy which includes considerable detail on the submarine cable companies working in this period | ||
| 1840-1866 | Origins of the Submarine Cable Industry in Britain - a paper presented at the Fleming Centenary Conference, University College London, 1-2 July 2004 | ||
| 1842-1853 | Cyrus Field, Paper Merchant - how Field made his fortune | ||
| 1845-1950 | The Gutta Percha Company - insulation, and more; one of Telcon's predecessor companies | ||
| 1849 | Early British Experiments in Submarine Telegraphy - by Charles V. Walker | ||
| 1849 | Horatio Hubbell and his claim to be the originator of the Atlantic Cable - a forgotten pioneer | ||
| 1849 | Joseph Hyppolyte Pulte and the land route to Europe - another forgotten visionary | ||
| Pre-1850 | Wire Rope and the Submarine Cable Industry - the origins of cable-making technology | ||
| 1850 | The 1850 Dover-Calais Cable - articles from Scientific American and The Living Age on the first cross-Channel cable | ||
| 1850-1858 | The First Atlantic Cable - history of the early attempts to lay the cable | ||
| 1850-1851 | The Submarine Telegraph Company - the company which laid the first cross-Channel cables | ||
| 1851 | The Electric Telegraph - a poem on the wonders of telegraphy | ||
| 1854 | The Atlantic Cable Projectors - how it all began | ||
| 1855 | European Sub-Marine Telegraph - article from Scientific American on the Crimea cable | ||
| 1856 | Marshall Lefferts at the American Geographical and Statistical Society - speaking on The Electric Telegraph; its Influence and Geographical Distribution | ||
| 1857 | Laying the Atlantic Telegraph Cable from Ship to Shore - a portfolio of eight lithographs together with a description of landing the shore end of the 1857 cable at Valentia, Ireland, by John R. Isaac. | ||
| 1857 | Professor Hall's Floating Telegraph Stations - an alternative to a single span cable across the Atlantic | ||
| 1858 | On Submerging Telegraphic Cables - report on a paper presented to the Institution of Civil Engineers (London) | ||
| 1858 | The Northern Land Route - Tal Shaffner's alternative to the Atlantic Cable | ||
| 1858 | Henry Field's Summer Pictures - a brief account of the meeting of the Field brothers in Plymouth just before the sailing of the expedition | ||
| 1858 | The Cable History as it happened - reported by Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper | ||
| 1858 | The Cable Celebration in New York City - contemporary illustrations and text | ||
| 1858 | Speech by David Dudley Field - at the Crystal Palace, the Cable Celebration in New York City | ||
| 1858 | Robert Merry's Museum - articles on the cable from a children's magazine | ||
| 1861 | Deep-Sea Telegraphs - George Saward examines the failures to date and proposes remedies | ||
| 1861 | Henry O'Rielly and the Russo-American Telegraph - another unsuccessful proposal | ||
| 1862 | Cyrus Field at the American Geographical and Statistical Society - speaking on Prospects of the Atlantic Telegraph | ||
| 1863 | Cyrus Field at the New-York Chamber of Commerce - A Meeting Called to Further the Enterprise of The Atlantic Telegraph | ||
| 1865 | Telegraphy and the Atlantic Cable in the U.S. Capitol Dome | ||
| 1865 | Russell: The Atlantic Telegraph - high resolution scans of the cover, title page, and the tinted lithographs from the book recording the events of the 1865 Great Eastern cable expedition | ||
| 1865 | Original letter from Sir Daniel Gooch describing the loss of the cable on the 1865 Great Eastern expedition | ||
| 1865 | The 1865 Atlantic Cable - companies involved in its manufacture | ||
| 1865 | John C. Deane's Diary of the 1865 Great Eastern expedition | ||
| 1865 | Letter from Sir Robert Peel to John C. Deane, later Secretary of the Anglo-American Telegraph Company, concerning the loss of the 1865 cable | ||
| 1865 | Paper by William Thomson on The Forces Concerned in the Laying and Lifting of Deep-sea Cables. | ||
| 1866 | The Recovery of the Cable - detailed description of the recovery of the 1865 cable, from Henry Field's book | ||
| 1867 | Submarine Telegraphy at the Paris Universal Exhibition - survey and review by Robert Sabine | ||
| 1869 | The First French Atlantic Cable - illustrated by stereoviews | ||
| 1870-74 | James Nicol: cableship voyages - life on board ship | ||
| 1871 | Remarks of Mr Cyrus W. Field at the International Telegraphic Conference - Rome, December 28th 1871 | ||
| 1872 | Sir James Anderson on Submarine Cables - their design and construction, and reasons for their failure | ||
| 1877 | The Laying of the Ocean Cable - Peter Cooper's story of the Atlantic Cable | ||
| 1879 | 25th Anniversary Celebration Invitation - the anniversary of Field's first involvement with the cable project | ||
| 1879 | Speech by David Dudley Field - at the 25th Anniversary Reception | ||
| 1879 | The Second French Cable - including photographs from the French Cable Station Museum at Orleans, Massachusetts | ||
| 1882 | Facts and Observations Relating to the Invention of the Submarine Cable by R.S. Newall. In which Newall sets the record straight on who did what in the early days of cable laying. | ||
| 1884 | On The Causes Of Failure Of Deep-Sea Cables by James Graves. Article on the failure of the 1865 Atlantic cable from the Journal of the Society of Telegraph-Engineers and Electricians, No. 51, Vol. XIII, 1884. The author was a cable engineer who supervised the manufacture of the 1865 cable and was later superintendent of the Valentia cable station where the recovered 1865 cable terminated. | ||
| 1884 | A Visit to the Works of Messrs. Siemens Bros. - article from The Telegraphist | ||
| 1885 | Life on the Atlantic Telegraph Company's Valentia Cable Station - article from The Telegraphist | ||
| 1886 | Government Telegraphy - article by Cyrus W. Field in The North American Review | ||
| 1886-95 | Captain Basil Combe - a firsthand account of life on the cableships | ||
| 1887 | The India-rubber, Gutta-percha, and Telegraph Works Company, Limited (Silvertown) - article from The Telegraphist | ||
| 1887 | The Submarine Cables Trust | ||
| 1890 | CS Westmeath Cable Survey - detailed report of a survey expedition | ||
| 1890 | With a Cable Expedition - article by Herbert Laws Webb | ||
| 1892 | Cyrus Field's Will - has details on the many awards and souvenirs which Field collected in his long association with the cable industry | ||
| 1892 | The Submarine Cables of the World - cable system survey article from Manufacturer & Builder | ||
| 1892 | Cables Under The Ocean - cable system survey article from the New York Times | ||
| 1894 | Submarine Telegraph Enterprise - article from Engineering on the cost of laying and maintaining cables | ||
| 1895 | Nerves of the World - article on submarine cables by J. Munro, author of Heroes of the Telegraph | ||
| 1896 | Repairing a Break - book extract | ||
| 1896 | The Making and Laying of an Atlantic Cable - article by Henry Muir | ||
| 1898 | Cable-Cutting At Cienfuegos - article by Lieutenant Cameron McR. Winslow on the US Navy expedition to cut Cuba's submarine cables during the Spanish-American War | ||
| 1898 | Submarine Cable Laying - Strand Magazine article by Archer Philip Crouch, C.E. | ||
| 1898 | Submarine Telegraph Lines -article by Ewing Matheson which includes costs for laying and maintaining cables | ||
| 1900 | The Projected Cable-Line to the Philippines - article in The National Review by Chandler Hale | ||
| 1900-13 | James Joseph Cope, Siemens Brothers and CS Faraday | ||
| 1902 | How Cables Unite The World - article from The World's Work giving a good overview of the cable industry at the beginning of the 20th century | ||
| 1906 | Auction Sale of Cyrus Field's Correspondence and Papers - many interesting and unusual items from Field's library | ||
| 1914 | Walter Claypoole - Far Rockaway and Canso stations of the Commercial Cable Company at the beginning of World War I. | ||
| 1914 | The Battle of Cocos - in which the Germans destroy the cable station on Direction Island, and the aftermath | ||
| 1915 | How submarine cables are made, laid, operated and repaired - article by the Commercial Cable Company | ||
| 1922 | Submarine Telegraph Cables - article by Lt.-Col. C. deF. Chandler | ||
| 1923 | Laying a Deep-Sea Cable Line Delicate and Dangerous Job - New York Times article | ||
| 1923 | Electrical Communications - a survey by John J. Carty of AT&T of radio and cable communications between the USA and the rest of the world at an interesting turning point in technology | ||
| 1925 | On Board the Cable Ship - article by George W. Gray | ||
| 1926 | Cable Chess Match between London and Chicago | ||
| 1944 | Cable Station RM - Cal Sheckler's account of diverting the 1926 Azores-Emden German cable into Normany for use by the Allied Forces after D-Day | ||
| 1944 | Cable & Wireless - Communications Old And New - book illustrations by C.F. Tunnicliffe | ||
| 1950/60 | Salient Features In Cable Design Since 1850 - a timeline of cable technical developments from 1850 to 1959 by Submarine Cables Ltd. | ||
| 1970 | Undersea Cable Systems - A Survey (or: Explanation to an Unknown Lady in Philadelphia) - article by Robert L. Easton | ||
| 1974 | Tiffany Cable Samples - if you've ever wondered about the source of all those Tiffany-marked samples of the 1858 cable which show up on eBay every few weeks, and if they're genuine, here's the story. (The cable samples are genuine; the certificates and boxes are vintage 1974, although authentic 1858 certificates are occasionally found). | ||
| 2001 | The Transatlantic Cable Stations - An Irish Perspective - paper by Cornelia Connolly, presented at the IEEE Conference on the History of Telecommunications, St. John's, Newfoundland, July 2001 | ||
Landline Telegraphy |
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| 1867 | Modern Telegraphy: some errors of dates of events and of statement in the history of telegraphy exposed and rectified / by Samuel F. B. Morse. Paris, June 1867. From the collection of the Bibliothèque National de France, the preceding link is a 3 megabyte PDF file of the text, and this is a 2 megabyte PDF file of the Appendix | ||
| 1871 | London And North Western Railway Telegraph Rules And Regulations - complete scan of the 1871 employee handbook, with instructions on using the Single Needle telegraph | ||
| Links to Other Sites | |||
| Lords of Lightning - telegraph history research resources | |||
| HMTS Alert (2) website by Charlie Voss | |||
| Les Amis Des Cables Sous Marin - French cable history site | |||
| Aronsson's Telecom History Timeline - a detailed timeline of communications history from 15,000 BC through September 2001 | |||
| Ascension Island Heritage Society - includes a history of the Eastern Telegraph Company and Cable & Wireless on Ascension, with period photographs | |||
| The Atlantic Cable - by Bern Dibner, 1959. The Smithsonian website has full-page images of the entire text of Dibner's book, an important and comprehensive reference to the history of the cable. | |||
| Atlantic Sentinel - a book by Donald R. Tarrant on the history of transatlantic communications in Newfoundland | |||
| Ayer Company Publishers - reprints of many of the classic titles in communications history, most of them unavailable or very hard to find. | |||
| Bamfield Cable Station - the site in British Columbia of the Pacific Cable Board Cable Station, which served as the eastern terminus of the trans-pacific telegraph cable from 1901 to 1959. The facility is now the Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre | |||
| Bay Roberts Cable Station - the 1910 cable station building in Newfoundland is now a local history museum. The museum's website has many historic cable images. | |||
| Cabot Strait Telegraph Cable 1856 - an early link in the first Atlantic cable | |||
| Canso Cable Station - the Commercial Cable Rehabilitation Society is revitalizing the former Commercial Cable trans-Atlantic relay station in Hazel Hill, Nova Scotia. | |||
| Connecting the Continent - Australian site which includes material on the Overland Telegraph | |||
| Gustavo Coll's Signa Telegraph Collection - has some interesting cable instruments and samples | |||
| Gill Cookson's History Today article - a short overview of the laying of the first Atlantic Cables | |||
| Copper in the Atlantic Cable - the copper industry's website | |||
| County Kerry Transatlantic Cable Stations - Ireland, where it all began | |||
| Distant Writing - The Telegraph Companies in Britain between 1838 and 1868 - a comprehensive website by Steven Roberts on British Telegraphy from 1838 to 1868, which includes considerable detail on the submarine cable companies working in this period. | |||
Early Submarine Telegraphy Companies - detailed information on the first cables via Nova Scotia and Newfoundland |
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| The Electromagnetic Telegraph - J.B. Calvert's website includes some useful information on submarine telegraphy and cable codes | |||
| Fanning Island (Tabuaeran Atoll) cable station development | |||
| French cables interactive map created byPeio Elissalde using Google Maps | |||
| The George Glazer Gallery - often has for sale cable samples and other interesting artifacts from cable history | |||
| The Great Transatlantic Cable - a documentary on Cyrus Field and the Atlantic Cable, first broadcast 11 April 2005 on PBS TV stations (USA) as part of the American Experience series. DVD available from Amazon. | |||
| The Greenwich Industrial History Society - back issues of the Society's newsletter have some material on the cable industry at Greenwich. | |||
| Robert Halpin - a brief biography of the captain of the Great Eastern in her cable-laying days. | |||
| ICPC - The International Cable Protection Committee. Links to submarine cable companies and suppliers; historical material in the Information section of the site. | |||
| IEEE Heart's Content Cable Station History | |||
| IEEE History Center - the (American) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers website devoted to the preservation of electrical engineering history. | |||
IET (formerly IEE) Archives - the archive of the (British) Institution of Engineering & Technology (The IET), which holds much material on early telegraphy, including the scrapbook of cable pioneer Jacob Brett, the papers of Sir Francis Ronalds, WF Cooke, Oliver Heaviside, and WH Preece, and a collection of drawings by EW Cooke on the 1858 Atlantic telegraph expedition. The archive website has a research guide to submarine telegraphy. Direct link to IET archives search. The IET History of Technology Professional Network page often has information on cable-related books, websites, conferences, and exhibits. |
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| Ramon Jackson's Ships site - includes much detailed information on US Military cable and survey ships. | |||
| Jersey (Channel Islands) telegraph and cable history site | |||
| Kelvin letters and papers at the University of Glasgow. An extensive collection including cable material. See the list of Kelvin manuscripts, and Matthew Trainer's comprehensive site on William Thomson, Lord Kelvin. See also The Kevin Society website. | |||
| Clarence H. Mackay and the Commercial Cable Company - Bill McLaughlin's comprehensive page on Mackay includes this section on cable history. | |||
| Samuel Morse Historic Site at Locust Grove, Poughkeepsie - the house and grounds owned by Morse from 1851 to 1872, now a National Historic Landmark. The Morse Exhibit in the Visitor Center displays a number of Morse's paintings, together with some telegraph and cable artifacts. Guided house tours are available, and there is free admission to the 150 acres of grounds running down to the Hudson River. | |||
| Mother Earth Mother Board - Neal Stephenson's 1996 Wired Magazine article in which he follows the installation of a modern fiber optic cable over three continents and incidentally presents the history of communications cables. | |||
| Mumford Books in the UK has an excellent selection of technical and industrial books, plus prints and photographs, and can often locate material on submarine cables and telegraphy. | |||
| N7CFO Homepage - Lynn Burlingame's site; a great resource for telegraph collectors and historians | |||
| New Wireless Pioneers - Jim Kreuzer has supplied images of a number of rare items for the Atlantic Cable site. Now his own site is open, listing many books in the field of radio and telegraph history, and including regular catalog updates. | |||
| The Old Cable House - a Bed & Breakfast in Waterville, Ireland, housed in an original Commercial Cable Company building. The site has an interesting cable history section. | |||
| The Pickering Family History - a personal connection to the first cable | |||
| Porthcurno Telegraph Museum in Porthcurno, Cornwall, England. A major research resource, with an on-line catalog of the extensive archive of cable material from Cable & Wireless, many photographs, and information on visiting the museum. | |||
| CS Restorer - Dirk van Oudenol's comprehensive website on the operations of this cable ship from 1902-1951 | |||
| The Science Museum (London) has a number of cable-related image in the Picture Library | |||
| Smithsonian Online Exhibition: Underwater Web: Cabling the Seas | |||
| Submarine Cable Telegraphy Demo - From the Sparks Telegraph Key Review site, a graphical demo of how polarity reversal was used to improve the speed of submarine cables | |||
| Submarine Telecoms Forum - publishes an on-line magazine for the cable industry. | |||
| Telecom Digest - a comprehensive site on all aspects of telecom history, with a searchable archive. | |||
| Telecommunications and the Natural History of São Tomé and Príncipe - some interesting notes on the interaction of Gulf of Guinea cable staff and natural history scientists in the 1800s. | |||
| The Telecommunications Heritage Group - a British organization dedicated to the history of all forms of telecommunication. | |||
| Telecommunications Technology and History - Don Kimberlin's site has some interesting articles and links to other early communications sites | |||
| Telegraph-History - John Casale's site focuses on US telegraph history and includes much early documentation | |||
| Telegraph Lore - Greg Raven's site covers all aspects of telegraphy and includes a photo gallery of Fons Vanden Berghen's extensive collection of rare instruments | |||
| The Telegraph Office - Neal McEwen's site has an excellent submarine telegraphy section. | |||
| Valentia Heritage Centre - a local history museum on the Irish island where the Atlantic Cable project began, with much information on cable history. | |||
| W1TP Telegraph & Scientific Instrument Museums - Tom Perera's comprehensive and excellent website on all aspects of telegraph history, including the account of his diving expedition to recover early submarine cables | |||
| Webster & Horsfall - supplied the steel armouring wire for the 1865 and 1866 Atlantic cables | |||
| Weston-super-Mare and the Commercial Cable Company - John Crellin's site on cable history in this English town now presents the cable station archive of the North Somerset Museum (Feb 2003) | |||
| A Wire Around the World - BBC radio documentary on the history of submarine cables. Listen to the full programme, or read the transcript. | |||
| Der erste Draht zur Neuen Welt (The First Cable to the New World) - German language article by Christian Holtorf | |||
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| 22 April | Added pages by Bill Glover on CS Charente, CS Hooper/Silvertown, CS Stephan | |||||||
| 17 April | Added pages by Bill Glover on CS Colonia, CS Britannia (2), CS Anglia | |||||||
| 17 April | Added article by Walter Peterson on the 1855 Varna - Balaclava Crimea Cable | |||||||
| 13 March | Added new Cable Story on Philip Crookes - CS Narva and the 1867 Florida-Cuba cable | |||||||
| 19 February | Added new Cable Story on Charles Skilliter - CS Faraday and HTMS Monarch (3) | |||||||
| 19 February | Added page on William Reid and Reid Brothers, one of the earliest telegraph manufacturers | |||||||
| 19 February | Added new Cable Story on Harry Parker and CS Monarch (4) | |||||||
| 11 February | Added page on the 1871 Java-Port Darwin (Australia) cable | |||||||
| 6 February | Added photographs of the laying of the 1966 St. Thomas-Venezuela cable to the CS Alert (4) page | |||||||
| 5 February | Added new Cable Story on John Seymour by Dougal Watson | |||||||
| 1 February | Added page on CS Tutanekai | |||||||
| 28 January | Added page on the 1866 Cook Strait (New Zealand) cable | |||||||
| 26 January | Added page on cable engineer Allison A. Clokey | |||||||
| 26 January | Added page on Say It By Cable - 1951 poster promoting the GPO's Social Telegram | |||||||
| 22 January | Added full text of George Saward's 1878 book: The Trans-Atlantic Submarine Telegraph | |||||||
| 22 January | Added page by Bill Glover on CS Westmeath (formerly CS François Arago) | |||||||
| 21 January | Added page on the French Cable Company 1910 Annual Outing | |||||||
| 20 January | Added article by Steven Roberts on Early British Domestic Cables | |||||||
| 19 January | Added full text of George Saward's 1861 book: Deep-Sea Telegraphs | |||||||
| 18 January | Added page on the 1913 Anglo-Irish telephone cable | |||||||
| 13 January | Added articles by Henry O'Neil on the 1865 and 1866 Atlantic cable expeditions. | |||||||
| 12 January | Added page on the 1921 Dutch East Indies cable | |||||||
| 3 January | Added article by Donard de Cogan: An operator’s view of the early days of the Italian trans-Atlantic telegraph cable | |||||||
| 2 January | Added page on the 1888 Santiago-Guantanamo cable, and cable-cutting at Cuba in the Spanish-American War | |||||||
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All site content copyright © 1999-2008 FTL Design
Unless otherwise noted all images and text on the Atlantic Cable website are
copyright © 2008 FTL Design and may not be reproduced without permission
Most images for which we hold the copyright may be licensed
for commercial or personal use; please enquire.
Contact Information
Site owner and webmaster: Bill Burns
email me at: billb@ftldesign.com
Acknowledgements As the site progresses through its ninth year, I continue to extend special thanks to Bill Glover, who has been contributing time and material to the project for much of that time. Thanks also to Jim Jones, a cable industry veteran of many years, who has not only provided much of his own material, but has also tracked down former colleagues and other cable workers for contributions to the site. And to Steven Roberts, an invaluable source of research help, who has also contributed a number of articles to the site. Steve's Distant Writing - The Telegraph Companies in Britain between 1838 and 1868 was first published on-line with the encouragement of this website. And finally, thanks to all contributors and correspondents for their help in making the site a major resource for communications history research. Contributors are credited on their individual pages; all uncredited material is by site owner and webmaster Bill Burns. |
The background image on this page is taken from the front cover of
W.H. Russell's The Atlantic Telegraph, and shows a section of the 1865 cable.
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