History of the Atlantic Cable & Undersea Communications
from the first submarine cable of 1850 to the worldwide fiber optic network
Cable Timeline:
1951-2000
by Bill Glover
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History of the Atlantic Cable & Undersea Communications |
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Cable Timeline:
1951-2000 |
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| Click on the Route
links to see cable samples, the Company or Operator links for full descriptions,
the ship name links to see descriptions or images. Atlantic cables and their connecting systems are highlighted in green. |
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| Year | Route | Manufacturer | Owner or Operator | Cable Ships | Notes | Bandwidth |
| 1951 | Dover - Audresselles | Câbles de Lyon | GPO | ? | System 23 nm. | |
| 1951 | Tradomari Niigata - Maura Sado, Japan | ? | Japanese Government | ? | System 48.7 km. 2 pair, telephone cable insulated with parragutta. Cable laid across Toyogo Straits in 1943 recovered and used for this cable | |
| 1951 | Mori - Muroran, Japan | ? | Japanese Government | ? | 8 pair, polyethylene insulated telephone cable. First use of such material in Japan | |
| 1952 | Seaford - Veules les Roses | ? | GPO | ? | 2 cables laid. | |
| 1952 | USA - Bahamas - Grand Turk - Dominican Republic - Puerto Rico | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Monarch (4) | All repeaters were based on land. Pan American Airways maintained the system. | |
| 1953 | Recife - St Vincent, Cape Verde Islands | ? | Italcable | Monarch (4) | ||
| 1954 | Sicily - Malta | Submarine Cables Ltd | C&W on behalf of NATO | Ariel | System 61 nm. Taken over by the Italian PTT and named MED 1 | |
| 1954 | Aberdeen, Scotland - Bergen, Norway | Submarine Cables Ltd | GPO | Monarch (4) | System 307 nm. New type of repeater suitable for deeper water was used for the first time. | |
| 1954 | Lowestoft - Scheveningen | Submarine Cables Ltd | GPO | Ariel - Iris (2) - Poolster | Two cables laid each with 4 repeaters | |
| 1954 | Manicouagan - Petit Métis (Across the St Lawrence River) | Telcon | British Columbia Electric Company | Monarch (4) | Four power cables were laid. | |
| 1955 | MED 1: Italy - Malta | Submarine Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | ? | System 54 nm. | |
| 1956 | Den Helder, Holland - Esbjerg, Denmark | Câbles de Lyon, Cable: - La Compagnie Industrielle Des Telephones, Repeaters | French PTT | Ampere (3) | System 210 nm. | |
| 1956 | Thisted, Denmark - Kristiansand, Norway | Submarine Cables Ltd | Norwegian PTT | Ocean Layer | System 81 nm. | |
| 1956 | TAT 1: Clarenville, Newfoundland - Oban, Scotland: Terrenceville, Newfoundland - Sydney Mines, Nova Scotia | Submarine Cables Ltd 3534 nm - Simplex Wire & Cable Co 350 nm of shore ends - Southern United Telephone Co 80 nm | GPO - AT&T - COTC | Monarch (4) | System 1442, 1442 nm. Consisted of a pair of cables. One for eastward transmissions and one for westward. Clyde puffer Glenaray laid Oban shore ends. 36 telephone circuits. WFS 1978 | 144 + 144 kHz for cable. 240 + 240 kHz for the landlines. |
| 1956 | Cape Canaveral - Puerto Rico | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Monarch (4) | Same system as TAT 1 | |
| 1956 | Port Angeles, Washington State - Ketchikan - Skagway, Alaska | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | Alaskan Communication System - AT&T | Albert J. Myer - Basil O. Lenoir | System 750, 750 + 346 nm. Same system as TAT 1 Port Angeles - Ketchikan. Single cable Ketchikan - Skagway. WFS 1977 | 144 + 144 kHz |
| 1956 | Sicily - Pantellaria - Tunisia | Submarine Cables Ltd | C&W on behalf of NATO | Iris (2) | System 64 + 23 nm. Taken over by the Italian PTT and named MED 2 | |
| 1956 | Qelibia - Bou Ficha (Tunisian coastal cable) | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Ampere (3) | System 59 nm. | |
| 1956 | Qelibia - Pantellaria (Tunisian coastal cable) | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Ampere (3) | System 23 nm. | |
| 1956 | Vancouver Island - Mainland Canada | W.T. Glover & Co Ltd | British Columbia Electric Company | Ocean Layer | Five power cables were laid | |
| 1957 | France - Algeria | Câbles de Lyon | French Telecom - PTT Algeria | Ampere (3) - Alsace - Emile Baudot | System 478 nm. WFS 1994 | |
| 1957 | Thule, Greenland - Cape Dyer, Baffin Island | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Albert J. Myer | System 720, 720 nm. Same as TAT 1. Considerable problems were caused at Cape Dyer by grounding icebergs. The landing was bypassed in 1964 by Albert J. Myer. | |
| 1957 | HAW 1: Point Arena, California - Hanauma Bay, Oahu, Hawaii | Submarine Cables Ltd 2030 nm - Simplex Wire & Cable Co - 2380 nm. | AT&T - Hawaiian Telephone Co | Monarch (4) - Ocean Layer | System 2204, 2204 nm. Same as TAT 1. WFS 1989. Used for scientific research. | 144 + 144 kHz |
| 1958 | Civitecchia, Italy - Golfo Aranci, Sardinia | Pirelli | Italian PTT | Salernum | System 130 nm. WFS 1993 | |
| 1958 | Tuckton Bridge, Bournemouth, England - Jersey | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO | Alert (4) | System 134 nm. Coaxial cable with 10 repeaters spaced at 13.4 nm intervals Laying at Jersey completed 3 June and at Bournemouth one week later | |
| 1958 | Dumpton Gap, England - Middlekerke, Belgium | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - Belgian PTT | Iris (2) | System 76 nm | |
| 1958 | Marseille, France - Bizerta, Tunisia | ? | French PTT | System 1000 nm. WFS 1993 | ||
| 1958 | Vancouver Island - Mainland Canada | W.T. Glover & Co Ltd | British Columbia Electric Company | Monarch (4) | Two power cables were laid | |
| 1959 | TAT 2: Clarenville, Newfoundland - Penmarch, France | Submarine Cables Ltd 1900 nm - Simplex Wire & Cable Co 600 nm - Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke 1000 nm - Câbles de Lyon 1000 nm. | AT&T - French PTT - German PTT | Monarch (4) - Ocean Layer - John W. Mackay - Ampere (3) Ocean Layer caught fire while laying its section of the cable and became a total loss. |
System 2250, 2250 nm. As TAT 1 two cables were laid. 48 circuits. WFS 1982 | |
| 1959 | TAT 2: Clarenville, Newfoundland - Sydney Mines, Nova Scotia | Submarine Cables Ltd | AT&T - French PTT - German PTT | Monarch (4) - Ocean Layer - John W. Mackay - Ampere (3) | System 326 nm. WFS 1982 | 144 + 144 kHz |
| 1959 | Strait of Georgia - Galiano Island - Trincomali Strait, Canada | W.T. Glover & Co Ltd | British Columbia Electric Company | Ocean Layer | The Galiano Island section was an overhead line. British Insulated Callenders (Submarine) Cables Ltd were reponsible for the laying and installation of the cables | |
| 1960 | Marske by the Sea, England - Gothenburg, Sweden | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 538 nm | GPO - Swedish PTT | Monarch (4) - Ariel laid shore ends | System 509 nm. | |
| 1960 | Mielno, Poland - Bornholm - Avedöre, Denmark | Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke | Great Northern Telegraph Co | Nordenham - C.E. Krarup (2) - Edouard Suenson | ||
| 1960 | FLORICO: West Palm Beach, Florida - San Juan, Puerto Rico | Simplex Wire & Cable Co 1200 nm. - Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 715 nm - Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke | AT&T - Radio Corporation of Puerto Rica | Monarch (4) | System 1130 + 1130 nm. Twin cable system as TAT 1. WFS 1984 | 144 + 144 kHz |
| 1960 | Baffin Island - White Bay, Newfoundland | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Monarch (4) | System 1020, 1020 nm. Same as TAT 1. | |
| 1960 | Frederiksdal - Prinz Christian Sund (Greenland) | Câbles de Lyon | ? | Edouard Suenson | System 60 nm. | |
| 1961 | CANTAT A: Oban, Scotland - Hampden, Newfoundland | Submarine Cables Ltd | C&W - COTC | Monarch (4) | System 2072 nm. Ariel laid UK shore ends. Albert J. Myer Hampden shore ends. 80 voice circuits. WFS 1986 | 240 + 240 kHz |
| 1961 | CANTAT B: Corner Brook, Newfoundland - Grosses Roches, Canada | Submarine Cables Ltd - Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd supplied 65 nm of cable laid overland. | COTC | Alert (4) | System 400 nm. Hadsund laid shore ends. WFS 1986 | 240 + 240 kHz |
| 1961 | SCOTICE: Gairloch, Scotland - Torshavn, Faroe Islands - Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd. | GPO - Great Northern Telegraph Co - Danish PTT | Alert (4) - John W. Mackay | System 284 + 401 nm. | |
| 1961 | ICECAN: Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland - Frederiksdal, Greenland - Hampden, Newfoundland | Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke | Great Northern Telegraph Co - COTC | Neptun (3) - Edouard Suenson | System 829 + 887 nm | |
| 1961 | Manahawkin, NJ, USA - Devonshire Bay, Bermuda | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | C&W - AT&T | Alert (4) - Retriever (5) | System 750 nm. Retriever (5) laid the USA and Bermuda shore ends. WFS 1990 | 240 + 240 kHz |
| 1961 | USA - US Virgin Islands | ? | AT&T - ITT | ? | ||
| 1961 | Holland - Denmark | ? | ? | ? | ||
| 1961 | Lydd, England - Bolougne, France | British cable: - W.T. Glover & Co. Ltd - AEI. French cable: - Câbles de Lyon - Jeumont Forges et Ateliers de Constructions Electrique de Jeumont - Ste Alsaienne de Constructions Mecaniques & Trefilieries et Laminoirs du Havre. | CEGB - France | Dame Caroline Haslett - Ampere (3) - d'Arsonval | Two power cables each 38 statute miles long, laid in parallel. | |
| 1962 | Wales - Isle of Man | Submarine Cables Ltd | GPO | Ariel | System 61 nm. | |
| 1962 | England - Wales | Submarine Cables Ltd | GPO | Alert (4) | System 65 nm | |
| 1962 | France - Algeria II | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Marcel Bayard | System 540 nm. | |
| 1962 | MED 2: Sicily - Canea, Crete | Câbles de Lyon 276 nm. - Pirelli 190 nm. | C&W on behalf of NATO | ? | System 466 nm. Taken over by the Italian PTT | |
| 1962 | Sicily - Sardinia | Pirelli | Italian PTT | Salernum | System 218 nm | |
| 1963 | COMPAC: Auckland, New Zealand - Sydney, Australia: Auckland - Suva, Fiji - Keawaula, Oahu - Port Alberni, Canada | Submarine Cables Ltd 5860 nm - Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 2800 nm. | GPO - AOTC - COTC - NZ PO | Monarch (4) - Mercury | System 8234 nm. WFS 1984 | 240 + 240 kHz |
| 1963 | COMPAC: Port Alberni - Vancouver | Submarine Cables Ltd | COTC | Cable Restorer | System 83 nm. WFS 1984 | 240 + 240 kHz |
| 1963 | TAT 3: Tuckerton, New Jersey - Widemouth Bay, England | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | AT&T - GPO | Alert (4) - Long Lines | System 3518 nm. WFS 1986 | 414 + 414 kHz |
| 1963 | Eastern Test Range 1 Grand Turk - Ramsey Air Force Base, Puerto Rico - Coolidge Air Force Facility, Antigua | Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke | USAF | Neptun (3) - Omega | System 336 + 377 nm. Omega laid all shore ends. | |
| 1963 | Florida, USA - Kingston, Jamaica | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 553 nm. - Western Electric 322 nm. | JITL - AT&T | Alert (4) | System 875 nm. WFS 1992 | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1963 | Kingston, Jamaica - Fort Sherman, Panama Canal Zone | Western Electric | AT&T - ITT - Central America Cables & Radio Inc. | Alert (4) | System 621 nm. WFS 1998 | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1963 | Winterton, England - Esbjerg, Denmark | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - Danish PTT | Monarch (4) - Peter Faber (2) | System 291 nm. This cable and the two German cables below were laid at the same time. | 120 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1963 | Winterton, England - Borkum - Leer, Germany No 1 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - German PTT | Monarch (4) - Peter Faber (2) | System 251 nm | 120 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1963 | Winterton, England - Borkum - Leer, Germany No 2 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - German PTT | Monarch (4) - Poolster (2) | System 251 nm | 120 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1964 | England - Holland 1 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO Dutch - PTT | Alert (4) - Poolster (2) | System 103 nm. | 120 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1964 | Philippines - Vietnam | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Neptun (3) | System 696 nm. Known as "Wet Wash A" | |
| 1964 | TPC 1: Makaha, Oahu - Midway Island - Wake Island - Tanguisson Point, Guam - Ninomiya, Japan | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 2047 nm - Ocean Cable Co - Western Electric | AT&T - Hawaiian Telephone Co - KDD | Long Lines | System 5282 nm. WFS 1990. Used for scientific research. | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1964 | TPC 1: Tanguisson Point, Guam - Philippines | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 1495 nm | AT&T - Hawaiian Telephone Co - KDD | Long Lines | System 1468 nm. WFS 1990. Used for scientific research. | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1964 | HAW 2: San Luis Obispo, California - Makaha, Hawaii | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd - Ocean Cable Co - Western Electric | AT&T - Hawaiian Telephone Co | Long Lines | System 2400 nm. WFS February 1992. Used for scientific research. | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1964 | HAW 2: Hanauma Bay - Makaha, Hawaii | ? | AT&T - Hawaiian Telephone Co | Long Lines | System 49 nm. Provided a link between HAW 1 and 2. WFS April 1987. | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1964 | SEACOM 1: Singapore - Kota Kinabalu, Sabah - Deep Water Bay, Hong Kong | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 2410 nm. Submarine Cables Ltd. 4700 nm. | AOTC - Malay Telecom | Mercury - Monarch (4) | System 865 + 1100 nm. WFS 1986. | 80 channels |
| 1964 | SEACOM 2: Hong Kong - Tumon Bay, Guam - Madang, Papua New Guinea - Cairns, Australia | See above | AOTC - Malay Telecom | Mercury - Monarch (4) | System 2060 + 1391 + 1616 nm. WFS 1986. | 160 channels |
| 1964 | Vero Beach, Florida - St Thomas, US Virgin Islands | Western Electric | AT&T | Long Lines | System 1179 nm. WFS 1989 | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1965 | TAT 4: Tuckerton, New Jersey - St Hilaire de Riez, France | Western Electric 1375 nm. - Câbles de Lyon 1125 nm. - Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke 1200 nm. | AT&T - French PTT | Long Lines - Marcel Bayard | System 3600 nm. Marcel Bayard laid the French shore ends. WFS 1987 | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1965 | PENCAN 1: Spain - Canaries | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | CTNE | John W. Mackay | System 754 nm. Cable Restorer surveyed the route. | |
| 1965 | Trinidad - Tobago | W.T. Glover & Co. Ltd | ? | Photinia | Power cable. British Insulated Callenders (Submarine) Cables Ltd were reponsible for the laying and installation of the cables | |
| 1966 | Hawaii - Johnston Island | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Neptun (3) | System 769 nm. Known as "Wet Wash C" | 240 + 240 kHz |
| 1966 | Cannes, France - Ile Rousse, Corsica | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Marcel Bayard | System 109 nm. WFS 1993 | |
| 1966 | Gulf of Mexico | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | Gulf Coast Telephone Co | System 150 nm. Network now involves 500 nm of cable. | ||
| 1966 | British Virgin Islands - Bermuda | Submarine Cables Ltd | C&W (West Indies) Ltd | Mercury | System 894 nm | |
| 1966 | St Thomas, US Virgin Islands - Maiquetia, Venezuela | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | AT&T | Alert (4) | System 545 nm. WFS 1987 | 240 + 240 kHz |
| 1966 | Eastern Test Range No 2 Grand Turk Island - San Salvador - Grand Bahama - Cape Kennedy | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | USAF | John W. Mackay | System 285 + 275 + 203 nm. | |
| 1967 | Vietnam Coastal Cables Da Nang - Qui Nhon: Qui Nhon - Nha Trang: Qui Nhon - Cam Rahn Bay: Nha Trang - Vung Tau: Cam Rahn Bay - Vung Tau | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Neptun (3) | System 202 + 122 + 144 + 290 + 206 nm. Omega laid all shore ends. | |
| 1967 | Vung Tau, Vietnam - Ban Sattahip, Thailand | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Neptun (3) | System 607 nm. Omega laid all shore ends. | |
| 1967 | Kristiansand, Norway - Thisted, Denmark | Submarine Cables Ltd | Norwegian PTT | Monarch (4) | System 79 nm. | |
| 1967 | Nykobling, Denmark - Ronne, Bornholm | Submarine Cables Ltd | Danish PTT | Alert (4) - Peter Faber (2) | System 104 nm. | |
| 1967 | Canet, France - Tetouan, Morocco | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT - Martelca | Marcel Bayard | System 759 nm. WFS 1993 | |
| 1968 | Jacksonville Beach, Florida - St Thomas, US Virgin Islands | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | AT&T | Long Lines | System 1302 nm. WFS 1993 | 2160 + 2160 kHz |
| 1968 | Magens Bay, US Virgin Is - Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | Western Electric | AT&T | Long Lines | System 386 nm. WFS 1993 | 384 + 384 kHz |
| 1968 | Covehithe, England - Katwijk, Holland 2 | Submarine Cables Ltd | GPO - Dutch PTT | Alert (4) | System 110 nm. | 480 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1968 | Tuckerton Bridge, England - St Helier, Jersey | Submarine Cables Ltd | GPO | Monarch (4) | System 137 nm | 480 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1968 | Scarborough, England - Kristiansand, Norway | Submarine Cables Ltd | GPO - Norwegian PTT | Monarch (4) | System 385 nm. | 480 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1968 | MARTEL: Marseille, France - Tel Aviv, Israel | Câbles de Lyon | ITC | Marcel Bayard | System 1833 nm. WFS 1993 | |
| 1968 | Denmark - Bornholm | Submarine Cables Ltd | Danish PTT | ? | System 105 nm. | |
| 1968 | Inverary - Loch Gair, Scotland | GPO | Alert (4) | |||
| 1969 | JASC: Japan - Siberia | Ocean Cable Co - US Underseas Cable Corporation supplied transistorised repeaters | Great Northern Telegraph Co - KDD | KDD Maru | System 477 nm. WFS June 1996. Used for earthquake research. | |
| 1969 | Uchiura Bay | Ocean Cable Co | NTT | Tsugaru Maru | System 19 nm. Amakusa Maru buried the cable | |
| 1969 | SAT 1 Melkbosstrand, Cape Town - Ascension - Sal, Cape Verde Islands - Santa Cruz, Tenerife - Sesimbra, Portugal | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | South Atlantic Cable Corp - CPRM | Mercury - John W. Mackay | System 2594 + 1698 + 861 + 739 nm. WFS 1993 | 360 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1969 | Sesimbra, Portugal - Goonhilly, England | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - CPRM | Alert (4) | System 951 nm. WFS 1992 | 480 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1969 | Italy - Sardinia | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | John W. Mackay | System 135 nm. | |
| 1969 | Sicily - Libya | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | John W. Mackay | System 306 nm. | |
| 1969 | Civitavecchia, Italy - Golfo d’Aranci, Sicily | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | John W. Mackay | ||
| 1969 | MED 3 Italy - Greece | Submarine Cables Ltd | OTE | Alert (4) | System 285 nm. | |
| 1969 | Barcelona, Spain - Pisa, Italy | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | AT&T | John W. Mackay | System 450 nm. WFS 1995 | |
| 1969 | France - Tunisia | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Marcel Bayard | System 466 nm. | |
| 1969 | Germany - Sweden | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | German PTT | John W. Mackay | System 121 nm. | |
| 1970 | TAT 5: Green Hill, Rhode Island - Conil, Spain | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 1220 nm. - Câbles de Lyon 630 nm. - Western Electric 1620 nm. | AT&T - CTNE - CPRM - Italcable | Long Lines | System 3461 nm. WFS 1993 | |
| 1970 | MAT 1 Spain - Italy | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | AT&T - CTNE - CPRM - Italcable | John W. Mackay | System 990 nm. Extension to TAT 5 | |
| 1970 | Goonhilly, England - Algorta, Spain | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - Spanish PTT | Alert (4) | System 477 nm. | 480 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1970 | St Raphael - St Tropez | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Marcel Bayard | System 15 nm. | |
| 1970 | France - Lebanon | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT - Lebanon PTT | Marcel Bayard | System 1844 nm. | |
| 1970 | Kirkwall, Scotland - Lerwick, Shetlands | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO | Alert (4) | System 108 nm. | 480 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1971 | Italy - Egypt | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | John W. Mackay | System 908 nm. | |
| 1971 | Italy - Albania | Telettra | Italian PTT - Telettra | ? | System 159 km. | |
| 1971 | Lerwick, Shetland Islands - Thorshavn, Faroe Islands | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - Danish PTT | John W. Mackay | System 235 nm | 480 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1971 | CANBER: Canada - Bermuda | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | C&W - COTC | Mercury | System 825 nm | |
| 1971 | Jamaica - Cayman Islands | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | C&W (West Indies) Ltd | Mercury | System 350 nm | |
| 1971 | TRANSCAN 1: Gran Canaria - Fuerteventura - Lanzarote | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | CTNE | John W. Mackay | System 217 nm. | |
| 1971 | Winterton, England - Fedderwarden, Germany | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - German PTT | Alert (4) | System 285 nm. | 1260 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1971 | Taiwan - Okinawa | Simplex Wire & Cable Co | USAF | Neptun (3) | System 363 nm. | |
| 1971 | PENCAN 2: Spain - Gran Canaria | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | CTNE | John W. Mackay | System 760 nm. | |
| 1972 | Aldeburgh, England - Domburg, Holland No 7 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - Dutch PTT | Alert (4) | System 83 nm. | |
| 1972 | Broadstairs, England - Ostende, Belgium | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - Belgian PTT | Alert (4) | System 64 nm. | 1260 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1972 | Tuckerton Bridge, England - St Peter Port, Guernsey | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd, Southampton | GPO | Alert (4) | System 89 nm. Loading from 11-17 March 1972 | 1380 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1972 | Italy - Algeria | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | Mercury | System 598 nm. | |
| 1972 | France - Morocco 2 | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Marcel Bayard | System 1035 nm. | |
| 1972 | France - Algeria 2 | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Marcel Bayard | System 441 nm. | |
| 1972 | Egypt - Lebanon | Câbles de Lyon | ? | ? | System 375 nm. | |
| 1972 | CAM 1: Sesimbra, Portugal - Porto Novo, Madeira | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | CPRM | John W. Mackay | System 616 nm. Loading from 10-26 April 1972. Laying including sailing from and to port from 8-24 May 1972. WFS 1993 and now used for scientific research | 120 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1972 | PENBAL 1: Barcelona, Spain - Palma, Majorca | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | CTNE | Mercury | System 183 nm. WFS 1994 | |
| 1972 | PENCAN 2 Extension: Santa Cruz de Tenerife - Las Palmas | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | CTNE | John W. Mackay | System 60 nm. WFS 1996 | |
| 1972 | West Palm Beach - Brandie Point, Bahamas - Goodman Bay, New Providence, Bahamas | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | AT&T | Alert (4) | System 73 + 149 nm. Loading took 5 days from 14-19 August 1972. Laying land based section from 25 August - 13 September 1972. Laying submarine cable from 13-25 September 1972. WFS 1999 | 5704 + 5704 kHz |
| 1972 | Miura - Ninomiya, Japan | ? | ? | KDD Maru | Experimental system | |
| 1972 | Kume Jima - Okinawa | Ocean Cable Co | NTT | ? | System 62 nm. | |
| 1972-3 | AFAR system: Azores | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | US Military | ? | AFAR - American Forces Acoustic Range | |
| 1973 | Aomori - Hakodate | Ocean Cable Co | NTT | ? | System 30 nm. | |
| 1973 | Miura - Iboraki | Ocean Cable Co | NTT | ? | System 249 nm. | |
| 1973 | Scarborough, England - Thisted, Denmark | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | GPO - Danish PTT | Alert (4) | System 381 nm. LAY 1, 12 - 18 March: LAY 2, 26 March - 13 April; LAY 3, 22 April - 4 May 1973 | 1260 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1973 | BRACAN 1:Brazil - Gran Canaria | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | CTNE - Empresa Brasileira de Telecommunicacoes | Mercury | System 2634 nm. | |
| 1973 | St Maarten - St Thomas - Curacao | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | All America Cables & Radio - ITT Communications Inc. Virgin Islands -Antelcom | John W. Mackay | System 697 nm. Loading from 5-18 February 1973 | |
| 1973 | France - Morocco 2 | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Marcel Bayard | ||
| 1974 | CANTAT 2: Beaver Harbour, Canada - Widemouth Bay, England | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | GPO - COTC | Mercury - Alert (4) Ariel - John Cabot | System 2800 nm. Ariel laid UK shore ends John Cabot laid Canadian shore ends. Whilst burying the cable to the SW of Ireland the manned submersible Pisces III became stranded on the sea bed for several days. The crew were recovered safely. LOADING CABLE All dates 1973 LOAD 8, Shore end John Cabot 15-19 May; LOAD 2, Main lay Mercury 11-23 June; LOAD 7, Shore end John Cabot 25 June - 1 July; LOAD 3, Main lay Mercury 4-17 July; LOAD 4, Main lay Mercury 20 August - 1 September; LOAD 5, Main lay aboard Mercury 1-5 October; LOAD 6, Main lay Mercury 9-21 November. LAYING CABLE All dates 1973 LAY 3, Mercury 18 July - 1 August; LAY 5, Mercury 10 October - 7 November; LAY 6, Mercury 21 November - 12 December. Laying times include sailing to and from port. WFS 1992 | 1840 x 3kHz channels |
| 1974 | ARIANE: Marseille, France - Heraklion, Greece | Câbles de Lyon | Helltelca | Marcel Bayard | System 1343 nm. WFS 1997 | |
| 1974 | APHRODITE 1: Heraklion, Greece - Larnaca, Cyprus | Câbles de Lyon | OTE | Marcel Bayard | System 520 nm. WFS 1998 | |
| 1974 | ADONIS: Larnaca, Cyprus - Beirut, Lebanon | Câbles de Lyon | OTE | Marcel Bayard | System 118 nm. WFS 1998 | |
| 1974 | Rome, Italy - Cagliari, Sardinia 3 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | Italian PTT | John W. Mackay | System 301 nm. Loading cable 24 February - 5 March 1974. Laying from 11-31 March 1974. WFS 1998 | |
| 1974 | BARO: Barcelona, Spain - Rome, Italy | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | Italian PTT | Mercury | System 513 nm. Loading cable 4-16 February 1974. WFS 1998 | |
| 1974 | HAW 3: San Luis Obispo, California - Makaha, Hawaii | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 1600 nm. - ITT (San Diego) - Ocean Cable Co | AT&T | Long Lines - KDD Maru | System 2379 nm. WFS June 1993. | 2160 + 2160 kHz |
| 1974 | TPC 2: Hawaii - Guam - Okinawa | Ocean Cable Co - ITT (San Diego) | AT&T - KDD | Long Lines | System 5030 nm. KDD Maru laid the shore ends at Guam and Okinawa. WFS April 1994. Used for earthquake research. | |
| 1974 | Mori - Muroran No 2 | Ocean Cable Co | NTT | ? | ||
| 1975 | Kagoshima - Okinawa | Ocean Cable Co | NTT | ? | ||
| 1975 | ECSC: Reihohu, Japan - Nanhui, China | Ocean Cable Co | KDD | KDD Maru | Ssystem 560 km. WFS 1997. | 480 channels |
| 1975 | Sydney - Auckland | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | AOTC - NZPO | Mercury | ||
| 1975 | TELPAL: Italy - Israel | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | Italian PTT | John W. Mackay - Alert (4) | System 1470 nm. 1974. LOADING; LOAD 1, John W. Mackay 21-30 October; LOAD 2, Alert (4) 19-26 November; LOAD 3, John W. Mackay; LOAD 5, John W. Mackay ? LAYING; LAY 1, John W. Mackay 8-16 November; LAY 3, John W. Mackay 30 December 1974 - 13 January 1975; LAY 5, John W. Mackay 31 January - 15 February 1975 | |
| 1975 | Rome - Palermo | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | John W. Mackay | System 251 nm. | |
| 1975 | Goonhilly, England - Sopelana, Spain 2 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | GPO - Spanish PTT | Mercury | System 466 nm. LOAD 1, 17-23 March; LOAD 2, 10-15 April; LAY 2 16-21 April 1975 | 1380 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1975 | Germany - Sweden | Ocean Cable Co - Nippon Electric | German PTT - Swedish PTT | Salernum | ||
| 1975 | Broadstairs, England - Domburg, Holland | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | GPO - Dutch PTT | Alert (4) | System 83 nm. Loading 11-15 September. Laying 16-22 September 1974 | 1380 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1975 | AEGEUS: Greece - Crete | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton Main cable; STC Greenwich Shore ends | Greek PTT | John W. Mackay | System 184 nm. Loading 7-10 May. Laying 31 May - 12 June 1975 | |
| 1975 | St Raphael - La Foux | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Vercors | System 19 nm. | |
| 1975 | ANIBAL: Canet, France - Bizerta, Tunisia | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Vercors | System 509 nm. WFS 1998 | |
| 1975 | Algeria - Majorca | Câbles de Lyon | ? | Marcel Bayard | System 181 nm. | |
| 1976 | TASMAN 1: Australia - New Zealand | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | AOTC - NZPO | Mercury | System 1258 nm. Loading 7-23 July; Laying 31 August - 9 October 1975. WFS July 2001 | 480 x 5 kHz channels |
| 1976 | APNG: Cairns, Australia - Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | AOTC | John W. Mackay | System 485 nm. Loading 2-11 December 1975. This was the last cable expedition for CS John W. Mackay. WFS March 2006 | 480 x 5 MHz channels |
| 1976 | TAT 6: Green Hill, Rhode Island - St Hilaire de Riez, France | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 2400 nm. - Simplex Wire & Cable Co 95 nm. - Câbles de Lyon 1200 nm. | Various | Long Lines | System 3600 nm. Vercors laid all shore ends. WFS 1994 | 12000 + 12000 kHz |
| 1976 | Eastbourne, England - Courseulles, France | Câbles de Lyon | GPO - French PTT | Vercors | System 108 nm. | |
| 1976 | MARPAL: France - Italy | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT - Italian PTT | Vercors | System 371 nm. | |
| 1976 | Italy - Turkey | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | Mercury | System 1085 nm. | |
| 1976 | Calvi - Ile Rousse (France) | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | ? | System 11 nm. WFS 1993 | |
| 1977 | Rome - Palermo | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton and Greenwich | Italian PTT | Mercury | System 251 nm Loading Mercury at Greenwich 19-24 February; Loading Mercury at Southampton 25-28 February 1977 | |
| 1977 | Vancouver - Hawaii | ? | ? | Long Lines | ||
| 1977 | California - Hawaii | ? | ? | Long Lines | ||
| 1977 | OLU(HO): Okinawa, Japan - Luzon, Philippines | Cable from Ocean Cable Company. Repeaters from NEC and Fujitsu. Laid by KDD | KDD - ETPI | KDD Maru | System 749 nm. Okiwana shore ends laid by Denko Maru - Luzon shore ends by Recorder (3). WFS June 1997. Used for oceanographic research. | |
| 1977 | (O)LUHO: Currimao, Luzon, Philippines - Deep Water Bay, Hong Kong | STC. Laid by Cable & Wireless | KDD - ETPI | Mercury | System 475 nm. Recorder (3) laid all shore ends. WFS June 1997 | 1200 channels |
| 1977 | AMITIE: France - Tetuan | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Vercors | System 821 nm. | |
| 1977 | ANTINEA: Casablanca, Morocco - Dakar, Senegal | Câbles de Lyon | France Cables & Radio | Vercors | System 1460 nm. | |
| 1977 | FRATERNITE: Dakar - Abidjan, Ivory Coast | Câbles de Lyon | France Cables & Radio | Vercors | System 1415 nm. | |
| 1977 | Bastia, Corsica - La Seyne sur Mer, France | Câbles de Lyon | French PTT | Vercors | System 181 nm. WFS 1995 | |
| 1977 | England - Belgium | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | GPO | Alert (4) | System 56 nm. Loading Alert 30 May - 5 June 1977 | 3900 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1977 | PENBAL 2: Spain - Majorca | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | CTNE | Mercury | System 169 nm. Loading Mercury 30 March - 8 April; Laying Mercury 9-22 April 1977 | |
| 1978 | OKITAI: Okinawa - Toucheng, Taiwan | ? | ? | KDD Maru | System 650 km. WFS 1997. Used for oceanographic research. | 480 channels |
| 1978 | England - France | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO - French PTT | ? | System 60 nm. | |
| 1978 | Morocco - France | Câbles de Lyon | ? | Vercors | ||
| 1978 | Barcelona - Majorca | ? | Spanish PTT | Mercury | ||
| 1978 | ASEAN: Philippines - Singapore | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | ASEAN Countries | Cable Venture | System 1534 nm. MV Cap Villano laid the shore ends. WFS June 1997 | 1380 Channels |
| 1978 | COLUMBUS 1: Camuri, Venezuela - Agüimes, Canary Islands | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | CTNE | Mercury. Retriever (5) and Recorder (3) carried out route surveys | System 3240 nm. LOADING LOAD 1, Mercury 11-19 October 1976; LOAD 4, Mercury 29 April - 6 May 1977; LOAD 5, Mercury 8-18 June 1977. LAYING LAY 4, Mercury 8-28 May 1977; LAY 5 Mercury 26 June - 13 July 1977. WFS 1997 | |
| 1978 | PENCAN 3 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | CTNE | Cable Venture | System 743 nm. | |
| 1979 | Genoa, Italy - Cabrer de Mar, Spain | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT - Spanish PTT | ? | System 389 nm. WFS 1996 | |
| 1979 | Kuantan - Kuching | ? | Malay Telecom | KDD Maru | System 1358 km. WFS November 1995 | |
| 1979 | USA - Guatemala | ? | ? | Long Lines | ||
| 1979 | England - Holland No 10 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | ? | ? | System 119 nm. | |
| 1979 | Genoa, Italy - Sassari, Sardinia | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | ? | System 272 nm. | |
| 1979 | France - Libya | Câbles de Lyon | ? | ? | System 842 nm. | |
| 1979 | Tripoli - Benghazi | Libyan PTT | Cable Venture | System 370 nm. | ||
| 1979 | TAGIDE 1: Penmarch, France - Sesimbra, Portugal | Câbles de Lyon - Alcatel manufactured the repeaters | CPRM - France Telecom | Vercors | System 790 nm. WFS 2000 | 2580 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1980 | JKC: Hamada, Japan - Pusan, Korea | ? | ? | KDD Maru | System 285 km. WFS 1997. Used for oceanographic research. | 480 channels |
| 1980 | TAILU: Taipei, Taiwan - Luzon, Philippines | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | ETPI | Cable Venture | System 557 nm. WFS June 1997. | 480 channels |
| 1980 | TAIGU: Taipei, Taiwan - Tanguisson Point, Guam | ? | AT&T | ? | WFS 1995. | 480 channels |
| 1980 | PALMYRA: Greece - Syria | ? | ? | Vercors | System 646 nm. | |
| 1980 | Magens Bay, St Thomas, US Virgin Is - Maiqueta, Venezuela | ? | AT&T | Long Lines | System 1037 km. WFS 1996 | 2160 + 2160 kHz |
| 1980 | Magens Bay, St Thomas, US Virgin Islands - Fortaleza, Brazil | ? | AT&T | ? | System 4178 km. WFS 1997 | 2160 + 2160 kHz |
| 1980 | England - Spain No 3 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | ? | ? | System 429 nm. | |
| 1980 | England - Denmark No 3 | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton | BT | Alert (4) | System 301 nm. Loading 10-14 April 1980 | |
| 1980 | Ivory Coast - Nigeria | Câbles de Lyon | ? | ? | System 604 nm. | |
| 1980 | France - Algeria 4 | Câbles de Lyon | ? | ? | System 442 nm. | |
| 1980 | ASEAN: Ancol, Indonesia - Singapore | ASEAN Countries | Kuroshio Maru - Chosui Maru laid the shore ends | System 572 nm. WFS June 1997. | 480 channels | |
| 1981 | IOCOM: Madras, India - Penang, Malaya | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | VSNL | Cable Venture | System 1353 nm. Recorder laid the shore ends at Penang. Inaugrated 24 December 1981. WFS 2003. | 480 channels |
| 1981 | TIMOR: China Sea | Câbles de Lyon | ? | ? | System 165 nm. | |
| 1981 | ARTEMIS: France - Greece 2 | Câbles de Lyon | ? | Vercors | System 1053 nm. | |
| 1982 | ATLANTIS Section 1: Recife, Brazil - Dakar, Senegal | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | TELESENEGAL - EMBRATEL | Cable Venture | System 1855 nm. LOAD 1, Loading Cable Venture 15 October - 2 November 1981. WFS 2000 | 1380 x 4kHz channels |
| 1982 | ATLANTIS Section 2: Dakar, Senegal - Burgau, Portugal | Câbles de Lyon - Alcatel manufactured the repeaters | CPRM - TELESENEGAL | Vercors | System 1570 nm. WFS 2000 | 2580 x 4 kHz channels |
| 1982 | APOLLO: Greece - Cyprus | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | ? | Cable Venture | System 638 nm. | |
| 1982 | England - Jersey | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | BT | ? | System 109 nm. | |
| 1982 | Sicily - Sardinia | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | Italian PTT | ? | System 247 nm. WFS 1998 | |
| 1983 | ATLAS: Burgau, Portugal - Arzila, Morocco | Câbles de Lyon | CPRM - MATELCA | Vercors | System 193 nm. WFS 1999 | 1260 x 4kHz channels |
| 1983 | ASEAN: Singapore - Malaysia - Thailand | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | ASEAN Countries | KDD Maru - Kuroshio Maru | System 920 nm. Kaiko Maru laid the shore ends. WFS April 1998. | 480 channels |
| 1983 | TAT 7: Tuckerton, New Jersey - Porthcurno, England | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd 2700 nm. 2400 lightweight non armoured and 300 nm armoured cable - Câbles de Lyon 690 nm - Western Electric 677 repeaters and 24 equalisers | AT&T - France Telecom - BT | Alert (4) - Vercors - Long Lines - Monarch (5) | System 3286 nm. 4000 voice circuits. Alert (4) carried out the route survey. Monarch (5) laid the UK shore ends. Vercors laid 110 nm armoured cable with 20 repeaters and one equaliser from previously laid US shore end and 190 nm armoured cable with 36 repeaters and one equaliser over UK shelf. Long Lines laid remaining cable in four sessions. WFS 1994 | 4000 x 3kHz |
| 1983 | Vero Beach, Florida - St Thomas, US Virgin Islands | ? | AT&T | ? | System 2074 km. WFS 1997 | 12000 + 12000 kHz |
| 1983 | Denmark - Holland | ? | ? | Vercors | System 123 nm. | |
| 1983 | MERIDIAN: Belgium - Spain | Câbles de Lyon | ? | Vercors | System 735 nm. | |
| 1983 | DIDON: France - Tunisia | Câbles de Lyon | ? | Vercors | System 498 nm. | |
| 1983 | Northern Island - Scotland | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd | GPO | ? | System 26 nm. | |
| 1983 | Kitasaki - Oroshima | ? | NTT | ? | First repeaterless fibre optic cable laid in Japanese waters | |
| 1984 | ANZCAN: Auckland, New Zealand - Norfolk Island | Fujitsu | AOTC - COTC - NZPO | Mercury | System 720 nm. Mercury laid the Auckland shore ends, MV Chantik those at Norfolk Island. WFS November 1997 | 480 x 5 MHz |
| 1984 | ANZCAN: Sydney, Australia - Norfolk Island - Suva, Fiji - Hawaii - Vancouver, Canada | Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd., Southampton 7448 nm. | AOTC - COTC - NZPO | Cable Ven | ||